Description
Hymenocera picta, commonly known as the Harlequin Shrimp, is one of the most visually striking and specialized shrimp species in the marine aquarium hobby. Instantly recognizable by its bold white body adorned with purple, blue, and pink blotched patterning, this shrimp is both elegant and fascinating in behavior. Often kept as a bonded pair, Harlequin Shrimp move deliberately across the aquarium and are prized not only for their appearance but for their unique feeding specialization.
Origin: Maldives (Indian Ocean)
Depth: 1–30 m (3–100 ft)
Lighting: Not demanding; comfortable under standard reef lighting
Flow: Low to moderate; prefers calm areas with stable rockwork
Tank Placement: Substrate and rockwork; frequently found near crevices and overhangs
Temperature: 75–80°F (24–27°C)
Salinity: 1.023–1.026 SG
pH: 8.1–8.4
Diet: Obligate starfish predator – feeds exclusively on sea stars
• Particularly effective at consuming invasive Asterina starfish, which are known to multiply rapidly and can damage or consume coral tissue
• Will also prey on other starfish species; not compatible with decorative sea stars
Temperament: Peaceful; non-aggressive toward fish and corals
Size: Up to 5 cm (2 inches)
Care Level: Intermediate – hardy once established, but requires a consistent starfish food source
Compatibility: Reef-safe with caution; safe with corals and fish, but incompatible with any ornamental or beneficial starfish
⚠️ Important Note:
Harlequin Shrimp are highly specialized feeders. Once invasive starfish populations are depleted, a long-term plan for providing suitable starfish prey is essential for continued care.
